On January 22, the British and Zulu met at what would be known as the Battle of Isandlwana. On January 12, 1879, an early skirmish took place at Sihayo’s Kraal with British forces led by Lord Chelmsford and the Zulus led by Mkumbikazulu kaSihayo, who was killed in the battle, resulting in a British victory. When the ultimatum was refused, in January 1879, the British troops, under the leadership of Lord Chelmsford, marched on Zululand. ![]() In December 1878, Sir Bartle Frere, the British High Commissioner of South Africa, issued an ultimatum to Cetshwayo demanding that the Zulus dismantle their military system within 30 days and pay reparations for alleged insults. ![]() The Zulu Kingdom King Cetshwayo refused to submit to British control and instead organized an army of nearly 60,000 men. They also wanted to create a South African federation in the region that included Zululand, and they wanted to settle Boer land claims in the region that included territory held by the Zulus. They specifically wanted the Zulu population to provide labor in the diamond fields of South Africa. ![]() The background of the battle began with the British having interests in Zululand. The Anglo-Zulu War was a conflict between the British Empire and the Zulu Kingdom from January 11 to July 4, 1879, in South Africa.
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